Nowadays, the widespread use of global navigation satellite system (GNSS), give a great impact to height determination. By improving the geoid in the area, a modern height measurement technique called GNSS heighting can be contemplated as an alternative for practical height applications. This paper investigates the achievable accuracy of GNSS heighting by comparing GNSS derived orthometric heights with spirit levelled heights of bench marks. It demonstrates GNSS as a viable technique of transforming GNSS ellipsoidal heights to orthometric heights using a local geoid model. Preliminary results indicate that the accuracy achievable by GNSS heighting in Malaysia can provide second order levelling standard. Read More
